Our duty to the future is to be accurate about the past

This part of the tour focuses on the High Street area of Christchurch that has a long history but unfortunately redevelopment has destroyed most of the visual evidence. In the wide High Street is still held the Monday Market, which dates from Saxon times and is first mentioned in a Charter from the Earl of Devon in 1149. It was the site until 1871 of the Town’s two annual Fairs - the Priory or Trinity Fair held on Trinity Thursdays in early summer and the three day St. Faith’s Eve Fair held in October. Fairs had been essential in medieval times for the supply of technical and long distance goods like tools and spices. The railway brought larger populations and the ability to supply shops for the increased populations, this is why the fairs were suspended in 1871. Between 1902 and 1938 trams ran down the High Street having come from Poole. They were followed by trolley buses, which have also gone. However, evidence of the Trolly Bus Turntable can be seen on the Priory Area Tour.

Christchurch High Street c1930’s

The High Street was also a site for public punishment.  Thieves could be whipped for a hundred yards through the market.  Other punishments included the Ducking Stool which we have just visited and the Whirly Gig.  These latter two instruments were kept in the North Porch of the Priory when not in use.

From the Old Market Square walk up the left hand pavement of the High Street passing in front of Bookends.    To your left you will pass a number of points of interest.

Nat West Bank

The first building of interest that you pass to your left is (the now closed) NatWest Bank, which is a fine Victorian Masion built by James Kemp Welch, who was a Surgeon.

The Regent Centre and Kelly’s Kitchen

Kelly’s Kitchen Coffee Bar

This building, shown to the left of The Regent Centre in the above picture, has been significantly altered but was built in 1843 and like nearly all of the High Street was reconstructed at the time that the railway arrived in Christchurch and the wealth that it brought to the town. Notice the lady’s faces at the upper corners of the first floor windows.

The Regent Centre

Next up the High Street is the Regent Centre that started as the Regent Cinema, opened with great ceremony on Boxing Day in 1931, with the first installation in the county (Hampshire then of course) of Holophone musical colour effects.

Before the Regent Cinema was constructed the Caxton House Bookshop stood on the site, in which Gleeson White, artist, illustrator, author and the first editor of The Studio art magazine traded as a bookseller.

The Regent Centre Plaque

When the popularity of cinemas declined in 1973 it became a bingo hall but was eventually put back to its former use in 1983 and now hosts every sort of entertainment imaginable with a new extension at the back completed as the Christchurch Borough Council’s Millennium project.

On the Christchurch Cultural Trail Leaflet this location is identified as number 1 and the Blue Plaque is also number 1.

Walking further along the High Street you will see, slightly set back, the Library.

Christchurch, or Druitt, Library

Library, High Street, Christchurch after redevelopment in 2014

The next interesting building, dating from 1844, is the Christchurch Library, known locally as the Druitt Library after its benefactor.  It was built for a dynamic and influentual young solicitor, James Druitt, who went on to become a major force in all the town’s affairs, being Mayor no less than five times.   Busy in every way – he had 15 children – he was also father of Herbert Druitt, a talented antiquarian with a deep love for history of his home town and an avid collector.  The large building was once the house of the Druitt family in the 1840’s to the 1940’s.   After Herbert’s death in 1943, several tons of books, paintings, fossils etc which filled every corner of the house had to be sorted and cleared.   His sister Charlotte left the house to the town as a Library.  It has been a part of the County Library Service from 1952, in Hampshire to 1974 and Dorset to 2018, now BCP.  The Christchurch Local History Society operated the Local History Room on the first floor from 1989 to 2011.

Walking further up the High Street, on the other side of a small access road into the Druitt Gardens, is the next building of interest.

Masonic Hall

Masonic Hall

Further up the High Street, beyond the library entrance and on the other side of a small access road into the Druitt Gardens, is the Masonic Hall.    This Hall was built by Samuel Bayley, a draper of Christchurch, for the Lodge of Hengist in 1837 – a venture which eventually bankrupted him.   Note the ornamental urn on the top, and the oversized doorway – probably surviving pieces from the earlier Winton House before it was rebuilt.

The Masonic Hall is not mentioned in the Christchurch Cultural Trail leaflet nor does it have a Blue Plaque.

Walking further along the High Street you will see the bow fronted windows of Bow House.

Bow House and Brewery House

Opposite stood the Bar Gate at the main entrance to Christchurch at the edge of the New Forest.  Also on the line of Saxon town walls once stood the Green Tree Inn.  Behind it, in 1971, excavations revealed Saxon occupation including a corn dryer which had used Roman roof tiles.  So there must once have been a substantial Roman building, at Christchurch, perhaps where the Priory is now.  A thin scatter of Roman material has been found throughout the area.

Bow House

The Christchurch Brewery buildings included a fine brewery tower.   By the 1970’s all the brewery range had been cleared away for the car park.   The house itself once had extensive vaulted brick cellars.  Bow House stands on the line of the Saxon wall part of which was excavated in the drumway opposite and the car park behind.

Bow House Plaque

Brewery House, which was located with Bow House, at the junction of Barrack Road and Bargate prior to the building of the Christchurch Bypass, culminated in a junction in front of which a group of shops jutted out into the road almost a far as the central refuge.   It made the High Street almost an enclosure for annual fairs.   Note how wide the High Street is here Brewery House stood on or close to the site of the Norman Bargate.

This location is not mentioned in the Christchurch Cultural Trail Leaflet but the Blue Plaque is identified as number 16.

It is now necessary to cross the High Street using the designated crossing point with central reserve to find the Plaque on the shop wall that commemorates The Bar Gate.

The Bargate

The entrance to the town was via an ancient stone gatehouse at the point that became known as Bargate, this caused an early traffic problem, dealt with by the Mayor having it removed about 1744.

The Bargate Plaque

The Normans called the taxation area, or Hundred, based on Christchurch as Edgegate Hundred in Domesday.  The gate was removed in 1728.  By then its function would have been ceremonial.  The Normans had probably slighted the Saxon town walls when they built their castle about 1074, to help enforce the new Forest Laws.

Probably contemporary with Constable’s House.   It seems that an even earlier gate set into Saxon walls existed on the town side of this one but there is no evidence of the walls connected to the Norman Bargate. The Bargate would originally have been fitted with massive wooden doors with a small pedestrian door on one side, probably closed at night and kept by a gatekeeper.   These may have been removed after the Civil War.

This location is not mentioned in the Christchurch Cultural Trail Leaflet but the Blue Plaque is identified as number 17.

By walking towards The Fountain Roundabout you will come to the end of High Street and by turning right enter Pound Lane.

The Town Pound

The Town Pound

This is the site of the original Town Pound where stray animals were kept for their owners. An amusing story about the pound, a fenced enclosure for stray animals, concerns a powerful landowner who tried to claim some common land by making a replica stag and placing it on the common.  The locals would have none of it and promptly seized the fake animal impounded it with straw and water but were outwitted by the landowner’s men who rescued it by means of a pulley and winch.

The Pound and the stray animals were kept by the Hayward who was also the Town Crier.  The Pound was demolished in 1958 to make way for the New Bypass.    The site is now part of the route to the underpass to the Bargates Area and the footpath to Saxon Square. Click here to visit the Bargates Area on a separate virtual tour

Town Pound Plaque

This location is not mentioned in the Christchurch Cultural Trail Leaflet but the Blue Plaque is identified as number 18.

The tour completes by walking along Pound Lane and turning right, passing the Travelodge, to locate the ramp on the left into the Saxon Square Car Park.